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A constitutional referendum was held in Iran on 28 July 1989, alongside presidential elections. Approved by 97.6% of voters,〔Nohlen, D, Grotz, F & Hartmann, C (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p72 ISBN 0-19-924958-X〕 It was the first and so far the only time the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been amended. It made several changes to articles 5, 107, 109, 111, and added article 176. It eliminated the need for the Supreme Leader (''rahbar'') of the country to be a ''marja'' or chosen by popular acclaim,〔Moin, Baqer, ''Khomeini'', (2001), p.293〕 it eliminated the post of prime minister, and it created a Supreme National Security Council. ==Background== On 24 April 1989 while on his deathbed, Ayatollah Khomeini appointed a 25-man Constitutional Reform Council (also known as the Assembly for Revising the Constitution). The council named Ali Khamenei as Khomeini's successor as Supreme Leader of Iran and drew up several amendments to the original constitution. Since the senior mujtahid or Marja of Iran had given only lukewarm support to Khomeini's principle of rule by Islamic jurist, and Khamenei was not a marja, the original prerequisite that the rahbar (leader) be "a paramount faqih" (i.e. one of these marja) was dropped from the constitution.〔Abrahamian, ''History of Modern Iran'', (2008), p.182〕 Some changes to the constitution introduced by the Reform Council include: *changing the name of the Majlis-e Melli to the Majlis-e Islami. *increasing the size of the Assembly of Experts to 86 members *giving the Assembly of Experts the authority to convene at least once a year and to determine whether the Supreme Leader was ‘mentally and physically capable of carrying out his arduous duties.’ *transforming the Expediency Council into a permanent body with members appointed by the Supreme Leader as well as representatives from the three branches of government, the armed forces, the intelligence service, and the Guardian Council. The amendments were approved by Iranian voters and became law on 28 July 1989.〔(Iran - Constitution )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Iranian constitutional referendum, 1989」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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